Baseball Musings
Baseball Musings
October 25, 2006
More on Draft Compensation

METSquire doesn't like the new draft compensation rule (discussed here).

With no ceiling on bonuses, the best players will still not necessarily be selected by the worst teams, thus the point of the draft, to create talent balance in the league, is still not being effectuated. The fact that a team will have a chance to pick in the same slot next year if they can't sign this year's selection doesn't solve the problem: why would the Royals or the Devil Rays be any more likely to sign a pick next year when they couldn't sign a pick this year?

And, while players will now know by August 16th whether they have been signed or not by the team that selected them in the draft, some players will still go unsigned and will miss out on a year of development in a Major League system. Thus, my concerns have really not been addressed by the changes in the new Agreement and, unfortunately, the league and the players have missed an opportunity to fix this flawed system.

Let's take this to an extreme. Why are there signing bonuses at all? Before the draft, players were free agents until they signed with a major league club, and then the reserve clause kicked in. The time players could sell their services was at this time, and teams bid for players, often signing them to large amounts of money. This is where the term bonus baby comes from. Then, as today, the low revenue teams felt they couldn't compete with the high revenue teams, so the draft was instituted. This removal of almost all bargaining power from the players led to the formation of a union.

The only leverage the player had left was the fact that if a team didn't sign him, he could reenter the draft the next year. So players picked up bonuses to sign with a team, especially if they were considered top prospects. And until free agency came into being, this was the only leverage players had against teams.

But free agency changed that. The rules are now the big payday comes after you've played in the majors for six years. But the draft rules remained in place, and of course agents and players took advantage of these. If in fact, the draft is supposed to help the weak teams, there is a simple solution. Take away any bargaining power by drafted players. Any player would be placed under control of the team that drafted him period. If a player doesn't want to work for that team, he can find something else to do. He'll get his big payday when he proves he can play major league baseball, not before. The reason bonuses existed in the past is no longer valid. Players get a chance at the big pay day eventually.

Now, as a free market person, I don't really like that idea. Players should have as much choice as possible. One way to help would be the ability of teams to trade or sell draft choices. I don't know the objections to this on either side, but it would give teams more flexibility. Team A can't sign prospect X for whatever reason, but Team B can. Team B can trade a prospect of it's own, or even an established player. It seems like an obvious thing to do.

And finally, why can't teams pony up the money for draft choices? The league is awash in money. Revenue sharing is lining the pockets of low revenue clubs. If they're not going to spend the money on player salaries, at least spend it on draft picks.


Posted by David Pinto at 12:18 PM | Union | TrackBack (0)
Comments

David -- Great point.

Thanks for noting something that too often goes unreported.

The amateur draft was not instituted to make sure the weakest teams got access to the best amateur players. Despite what the owners say, that has never been its intent.

The draft was created to curb the bargaining power of the amateur players.

Posted by: Walt in Maryland at October 25, 2006 02:50 PM

David, I know you say you're a "free market person," but don't you think a draft choice bonus system like the NBA's would be good for baseball? What kind of system is it where the consensus best player in the draft goes 19th (see Jered Weaver)? As a transplanted Clevelander, I can't imagine how I would've felt if the Cavs had the No.1 pick but we're unable to sign LeBron James because he was demanding so much money. In that case, the NBA's system worked perfectly. And no one seems to complain (not even the players.)

Posted by: erik at October 25, 2006 02:56 PM

Again, if you have free agency, why do you need a bonus system at all? Why should a player be compensated to sign if he's going to make millions anyway? If you're going to give a player compensation for simply being the best player available in the draft, give the guy a say in how much he gets.

Too often, teams don't draft a player because they think they can't sign him. A can do attitude would help. It's amazing what happens when actual dollars are being laid on the table in front of someone.

Posted by: David Pinto at October 25, 2006 03:18 PM

The problem with economists--and I am one--is that we tend to bring up inconvenient arguments.

The draft probably had no effect on the distribution of talent, just on the distribution of wealth--players got less and owners got more.

Suppose I am Bad Team and I draft Good Player X. And suppose Good Player X will generate more wealth (revenue) for Good Team. Guess what? Good Team can put together a package of Mediocre Players plus Cash to get Good Player X from me--and I'll be better off and Good Team will be better off.

Simon Rottenberg recognized this in the 1950s (in a classic article "The Baseball Players' Labor Market", and Ronald Coase formalized the concepts in "The Problem of Scoial Cost") --resources tend to flow to the use in which they are most highly valued, unless there are transactions costs preventing resource movement.

The transactions costs in baseball appear to be low, hence most economists think the draft does virtually nothing to equalize the distribution of player talent. Teams have always sold or otherwise transferred talent as one means of making a profit.

So what has happened more recently is that players and their agents have recognized that, even with an amateur plaerd draft, they can gain some leverage and redirect some of that wealth from team owners to players. With all due respect to David, making draft-signing-rights permanent would just send that wealth back to owners. It would almost certainly have no competitive balance effects.

Posted by: Donald A. Coffin at October 25, 2006 04:34 PM
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